母鸡持续受精能力的群体变异分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2019.10.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在探究母鸡持续受精能力在品种间的差异和群体内的变异程度及相关性状之间的相关性，为制定合理的输精间隔和开展母鸡持续受精能力的选育提供理论依据。本研究以27周龄的白来航、哥伦比亚洛克、芦花和洛岛红4个品种健康的母鸡各158只为试验材料，连续输精2 d，第3天开始按照母鸡个体收集种蛋孵化，统计输精后4周内的种蛋受精情况，比较各品种输精后产蛋数、日/周受精率、4周平均受精率、最长受精天数和最大连产受精蛋数等性状，并计算部分性状间的相关系数。结果显示，4个品种输精后日受精率随着天数的增加而降低，但程度不同，白来航、哥伦比亚洛克、芦花和洛岛红日受精率大于90%的输精后最大天数分别为10、9、8和11 d。4个品种输精后前9 d种蛋的日受精率除了第4天（P=0.01）外均无显著差异（P>0.05），第10~18天种蛋的日受精率除了第13（P=0.08）和16天（P=0.19）外均差异显著（P<0.05），第19~28天无显著差异（P>0.05）；输精后品种间第1（P>0.05）和4周（P>0.05）的周受精率均无显著差异，第2（P=0.005）和3周（P=0.04）均差异显著；不同品种母鸡的产蛋数、4周受精蛋数、4周平均受精率、最长受精天数、最大连产受精蛋数、第1周受精蛋数、第2周受精蛋数、第3周受精蛋数和第2~3周受精蛋数均存在显著差异（P<0.05），其中洛岛红的各个指标均最高；品种内个体间上述性状也存在变异，其中洛岛红变异较小，哥伦比亚洛克和芦花变异较大；母鸡受精能力相关性状间均为正相关，其中第2周受精蛋数（r=0.86，P<0.000 1）、第2~3周受精蛋数（r=0.92，P<0.000 1）与4周受精蛋数相关系数较大。本研究结果表明，不同品种母鸡持续受精能力存在差异，可制定品种特异性输精间隔；品种内母鸡持续受精能力存在较大变异，具有进一步选育的基础；第2周受精蛋数可以在保证准确性的前提下减少性状测定的工作量，相较而言是评估和选育母鸡持续受精能力的理想性状。

Abstract: The aim of this study was to explore the population variation of sustaining fertilization ability of different laying hen breeds, the variation degree in population and the correlations among the related traits, which would provide a theoretical basis for setting up reasonable insemination interval for different breeds and breeding for sustaining fertilization ability in laying hens. Each 158 healthy hens from White Leghorn, Columbia Rock, Barred Rock and Rhode Island Red laying hen breeds of 27 weeks of age were used in this study. They were inseminated for two consecutive days. The eggs were collected for each laying hen for incubating from the 3rd day for 4 weeks. The egg production, daily/weekly fertility rate, average fertility rate in week 1-4, maximum days of fertilization and maximum number of consecutive fertilized eggs were calculated. The correlation coefficients among these traits were analyzed. The results showed that the daily fertilization rate decreased with days, but the extents were different in 4 breeds. The maximum days with the fertility rate greater than 90% were 10, 9, 8 and 11 days for White Leghorn, Columbia Rock, Barred Rock and Rhode Island Red, respectively. Except for day 4 (P=0.01), the daily fertility rate for the first 9 days were not significantly different among breeds (P>0.05); Except for day 13 (P=0.08) and 16 (P=0.19), daily fertility rate from day 10 to 18 was significantly different among breeds (P<0.05); Daily fertility rate from day 19 to 28 was significantly not different among breeds (P>0.05); There was no significant difference among breeds in weekly fertility rate in the first (P>0.05) and 4th week (P>0.05), but in the 2nd (P=0.005) and 3rd week (P=0.04) the difference was significant; There were significant differences in egg production, fertilized eggs number in week 1-4, average fertility rate in week 1-4, maximum days of fertilization, maximum number of consecutive fertilized eggs, fertilized eggs in week 1, 2, 3 and 2-3 among breeds (P<0.05), and all the above traits was the highest in Rhode Island Red hens; These traits also showed great variation among individuals within the breed, and the variation was small in Rhode Island Red and high in Columbia Rock and Barred Rock; The correlations among these traits were positive, and the correlation coefficients were high in fertilized eggs number between week 2 and week 1-4 (r=0.86, P<0.000 1) and between week 2-3 and week 1-4 (r=0.92, P<0.000 1). The results indicated that there were differences in the sustaining fertility ability among different breeds, and the breed-specific artificial insemination interval should be established; There was great variation in these traits within the breed,which indicated that further efforts can be made in breeding; The number of fertilized eggs in week 2 is an ideal trait for evaluating and selection for the sustaining fertilization ability of hens by reducing the labor in trait estimating without losing the accuracy.

中图分类号:

S831.2

范静, 马腾壑, 王攀林, 石雷, 李云雷, Adamu Mani Isa, 黄子妍, 倪爱心, 麻慧, 孙研研, 陈继兰. 母鸡持续受精能力的群体变异分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(10): 2013-2021.

FAN Jing, MA Tenghe, WANG Panlin, SHI Lei, LI Yunlei, ADAMU Mani Isa, HUANG Ziyan, NI Aixin, MA Hui, SUN Yanyan, CHEN Jilan. Population Variation Analysis of Sustaining Fertilization Ability of Hens[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2019, 50(10): 2013-2021.

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